Volume 2 · Chapter 09
Giving and Receiving
a, kureru, morau and social perspective in survival situations.
Giving and receiving verbs are all about perspective. Use them to describe who initiates and who benefits.
あげる: outward action toward someone else
- I gave a book to a friend.
- I give a note to my sister.
- I give documents to a teacher.
くれる: someone gives toward me
- My friend helped me.
- The clerk explained it to me.
- The teacher taught me.
もらう: I receive or receive help
- I had someone explain it to me.
- I had someone write it for me.
- I had a friend help me.
Survival replacement rule
Use くれる if someone helps you.
Use あげる if you help someone else.
Use もらう if you ask someone for help.
Mini dialogue examples
Randomized practice
Giving Receiving Practice
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Meaning
友達が手伝ってくれました。
My friend helped me.
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Meaning
説明してもらいました。
I had someone explain it to me.
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Meaning
友達に本をあげました。
I gave a book to my friend.
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Meaning
受付で書いてもらいました。
I had it written at reception.
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Say it
Say someone wrote it for you.
書いてもらいました。
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Say it
Say a staff member helped you.
スタッフが教えてくれました。
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Say it
Say I gave a souvenir to my younger sister.
妹にお土産をあげました。
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Say it
Say I need help and ask someone to help.
手伝ってもらえますか。
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Say it
Say I gave a document to a clerk.
窓口の人に書類をあげます。
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Read it
Read 友達に本をあげました。
I gave a book to a friend.
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Read it
Read 友達に手伝ってもらいました。
I had a friend help me.
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Read it
Read 私が使っているカードです。
It is the card I am using.
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Read it
Read スタッフが説明してくれました。
The staff member explained it.
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Listen
Which perspective is in 友達が教えてくれましたか。
kureru, someone did something for me.
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Listen
Which perspective is in 友達に教えてもらいましたか。
morau, I received help from a friend.
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Trap
教えるをあげる
That means giving to someone else, not receiving. If helping me, use 教えてくれる.